The author is responsible for ensuring that the submitted manuscript is original and has not been published elsewhere or has been submitted to another academic journal.
All submissions go through a 'Turnitin' check and they are subject to further plagiarism control. If the result of Turnitin check shows 20% or more similarity, except for direct quotations, the submission may be rejected by the editors. If the result is over 10% similarity, the submission is returned to the author for revision.